reduce¶

Description¶

Applies function of two arguments cumulatively to the items of iterable, from left to right, so as to reduce the iterable to a single value.

Syntax¶

reduce (function, iterable [, initializer])

function: Required. A function of two arguments.
iterable: Required. An iterable sequence.
initializer: Optional. Value placed before the iterable; default value if iterable is empty.

Return Value¶

same as returned by function

Time Complexity¶

#TODO

Example 1¶

>>> reduce(lambda x, y: x+y, [1, 2, 3, 4]) # the left argument, x, is the accumulated value and the right argument, y, is the update value from the iterable.
10 # ((1+2)+3)+4)
>>> reduce(lambda x, y: x-y, [125, 25, 5, 1])
94 # ((125-25)-5)-1)
>>> reduce(lambda x, y: x*y, [2, 2, 2, 2])
16 # ((2*2)*2)*2)
>>> reduce(lambda x, y: x/y, [125, 25, 5, 1])
1 # ((125/25)/5)/1)
>>> reduce(lambda x, y: x*y, [1])
1

Example 2¶

>>> reduce(lambda x, y: x+y, [], 1)
1
>>> reduce(lambda x, y: x+y, [], 0)
0
>>> reduce(lambda x, y: x*y, [1, 2, 3], 0)
0 # because ((0*1)*2)*3)